![]() ![]() ![]() ![]() Similarly, if one stretches a spring so that it is taut and holds it there, the spring has potential energy that is stored in the stretched coils of the spring. If one takes a pendulum, raises the bob in the air, and holds it there, the bob now has a potential energy that is proportional to the height it was raised from its resting point. Potential energy could be thought of as the energy that is stored in a body when it is moved to a certain position. Potential and kinetic energy are two kinds of mechanical energy. mechanical energy refers to the capacity of an object to produce work in virtue of its position and movement. Mechanical energy is understood as the energy associated with the movement and position of physical objects i.e. All the different forms of energy can be converted into one another like how a combustion engine converts heat energy into mechanical energy, or a nuclear reactor converts nuclear energy into electrical energy. ![]() Despite all these different manifestations, at their core, all kinds of energy are the same thing: energy is simply the capacity of a system to perform work. Potential And Kinetic Energy: The BasicsĮnergy comes in many different forms, electromagnetic, chemical, solar, heat, nuclear and mechanical to name a few. All three kinds of mechanical energy potential, elastic potential and kinetic are expressed in the same unit, the joule (J). Essentially, Hooke’s law states that the magnitude of deformation of an elastic material is directly proportional to the force impressed on that material. This mathematical expression is sometimes referred to as Hooke’s Law, named after the English scientists Robert Hooke who first formulated the principle in 1660. The value of k is dependent on the particular physical properties of a given spring. Where x is the magnitude of compression or stretching and k is a constant of proportionality called the spring constant. The elastic potential energy equation is: There is also a special equation for elastic potential energy, which describes the energy stored in a compressed or stretched elastic material, like a spring, trampoline, or a bow with a nocked arrow. The formula for potential energy states that the potential energy stored in an object is directly proportional to the position of an object with respect to a defined 0 point. The formula for kinetic energy states that the kinetic energy of a body is directly proportional to the velocity of a body. Where m is the mass of the object, g is the height of the object, g is the gravitational field strength (9.8m/s²), and v is the average velocity of the object. The two equations that describe the potential energy (PE) and kinetic energy (KE) of an object are: Both potential and kinetic energy are important concepts for understanding the motion of objects and the physical effects that they can produce. In physics, there are two main kinds of mechanical energy: potential energy and kinetic energy. ![]()
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